Kentucky Gov. Matt Bevin says he intentionally exposed his nine children to chickenpox and thinks vaccines aren't for everyone.

Kentucky Gov. Matt Bevin says he intentionally exposed his nine children to chickenpox and thinks vaccines aren't for everyone.

March 26 Education Social

Checklist for Creating Bibliographies and References List Using APA

Checklist for Creating Bibliographies and References List Using APA

Refer to the OWL site for APA style guidelines.

[ ] Identify the type of source you are creating a bibliography for. A bibliography is the full information about the source included for each source and listed in the References list as a page at the end of a cited essay or longer work (use a page break between the end of the work and the start of the References list). (A number of “Reference List” options are listed in the left menu on the OWL site.)

[ ] Be sure to distinguish between print and online/electronic sources. Print sources (including paginated PDFs of hard-copy sources) should not include hyperlinks (be careful not to include your search links when using data bases or searches from your library), but should include DOI information if available. Online/electronic sources (including ebooks) must include active and accurate links; for electronic only sources retrieved through a library search, housed in the library, be sure to use the permalink provided (do not copy the http from the guide at the top of the search engine).

[ ] Bibliographies should be formatted using double-spacing, Times New Roman/12 pt. font, and hanging indents (use the ruler or the Format>Paragraph to create a hanging indent; do not use return>tab).

[ ] When you create the full References list of bibliographies, list the sources alphabetically by the first word of each bibliography (often an author last name).

[ ] Each bibliography should include initial information (usually author information) followed by a date (always second information), but each source should follow the APA guidelines required for the type of source being cited. It is crucial to use the OWL site as a reference for each source since kinds of sources have different requirements; this is not something to memorize. Note: Some source may not include all the information required; if no author listed, for example, move the information you have (such as the title) to the left, keeping the date always second.

[ ] For sources without a date, include (n.d.) in the date position for “no date.”

[ ] APA requires listing authors names by last name followed by first and middle (if provided) initials; include author names in the order listed on the source if multiple authors, and include an ampersand (&) before the last author. Note the placement and requirement of commas and periods in listing multiple authors:

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(3), 5-13.

Kincheloe, J.L., & Steinberg, S.R. (2007). Cutting class: Socioeconomic status and education. New York, NY: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Bomer, R., Dworin, J. E., May, L., & Semingson, P. (2008). Miseducating teachers about the poor: A critical analysis of Ruby Payne's claims about poverty. Teachers College Record, 110(12), 2497-2531.

[ ] Essay titles do not include quote marks, and capitalize only the first word of the title, first word of the subtitle, and any proper nouns. (See essay titles above.)

[ ] Book titles should be in italics, and capitalize only the first word of the title, first word of the subtitle, and any proper nouns. Place of publication should include cite and state (if in U.S.), but use the state abbreviation. (See book titles above.)

[ ] Journal titles are in italics, and capitalize all key words as is standard. (See journal titles above).

[ ] Throughout bibliographies, note carefully the placement of periods and commas as well as spaces. For example, for journals, the volume number is in italics and then no space before including the issue number in parentheses. (See the journal bibliographies above.)

I am the Michigan teacher removed from teaching African-American history

I am the Michigan teacher removed from teaching African-American history

Opinion | White parents are enabling the return of school segregation

Opinion | White parents are enabling the return of school segregation

February 15, 2017 | Updated: March 5, 2019

What Tests Does Each State Require?

By Catherine Gewertz

  

Education Week has tracked states’ testing plans in math and English/language arts since 2014. This year’s survey found a continued, steady erosion in the number of states using the PARCC or Smarter Balanced common-core-aligned tests: five fewer than in 2017. The number of states requiring students to take college-admissions tests, or pass an exit exam to graduate, is holding steady. (For an interactive breakdown of states' 2016-17 testing plans, click here.)

Below are highlights from the latest survey of testing plans. Scroll down to see the full results for 2019.

Which States Use PARCC or Smarter Balanced?

Only ONE-THIRD of the states use the PARCC or Smarter Balanced tests.

• Fifteen states and the District of Columbia will administer PARCC or Smarter Balanced tests in the spring of 2019. That’s five fewer than in 2016 and 2017.
• Thirty-two states use tests they designed or bought.
• Three states give hybrid tests. Two mix their own questions with items from the PARCC/New Meridian item bank, and one adds its own questions onto the full Smarter Balanced test.
• Read more about the current state of common-core tests.

Learn more about the states using PARCC or Smarter Balanced tests. 

EXPAND/COLLAPSE

Learn more about the states using non-consortium tests. 

EXPAND/COLLAPSE

Learn more about the states mixing PARCC and Smarter Balanced with their own items. 

EXPAND/COLLAPSE

---

Which States Require Students to Take the SAT or ACT?

Requiring the ACT or SAT is HOLDING STEADY after a rise in popularity.

• Twenty-five states require students to take the SAT or ACT, the same number as in 2016 and 2017. That number had been climbing steadily—from seven states a decade ago— as states looked for ways to encourage students to go to college.

Learn more about the states that require SAT or ACT. 

EXPAND/COLLAPSE

---

Which States Require Exit Exams?

Requiring exit exams is HOLDING STEADY after a decline.

• Thirteen states require students to pass a test to get a high school diploma, one more than in 2017. In some states, students can use projects or portfolios to meet this requirement. Exit exams used to be more popular: In 2002, more than half the states required them.

Learn more about the states that require exit exams. 

EXPAND/COLLAPSE

---

What tests are states requiring in 2018-19?

Below is a complete breakdown of results from our state survey.

State Name	3-8 Test	High School Test	Exit Exam?	Notes
Alabama	Scantron	pre-ACT, ACT, ACT WorkKeys	No
Alaska	Performance Evaluation for Alaska's Schools (PEAKS)	PEAKS	No
Arizona	AZMerit	AZMerit end-of-course exam or substitutes	No	Districts may substitute other tests, such as SAT, ACT, IB or AP, for high school AZMerit.
Arkansas	ACT Aspire	ACT Aspire	No	All districts must offer ACT, but students not required to participate.
California	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced	No
Colorado	Colorado Measures of Academic Success (CMAS)	PSAT, SAT	No	CMAS is a mix of questions developed by Colorado and by PARCC/New Meridian.
Connecticut	Smarter Balanced	SAT	No
Delaware	Smarter Balanced	PSAT, SAT	No
District of Columbia	PARCC	PARCC, SAT	No
Florida	Florida Standards Assessments (FSA)	FSA	Yes	Students must pass exit exams or achieve specified scores on ACT or SAT.
Georgia	Georgia Milestones	Georgia Milestones end-of-course exams	No
Hawaii	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced, ACT	No
Idaho	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced, SAT or ACT	No
Illinois	PARCC	PSAT, SAT	No
Indiana	ILEARN	ISTEP+	Yes
Iowa	Iowa Statewide Assessment of Student Progress (ISASP)	ISASP	No
Kansas	Kansas Assessment Program (KAP)	KAP	No
Kentucky	Kentucky Performance Rating for Educational Progress (K-PREP)	K-PREP, ACT	No
Louisiana	Louisiana Educational Assessment Program (LEAP)	LEAP end-of-course tests	Yes	LEAP is a mix of questions designed by Louisiana and by PARCC/New Meridian. Students may substitute WorkKeys for ACT.
Maine	Maine Educational Assessment (MEA)	SAT	No
Maryland	PARCC	PARCC	Yes
Massachusetts	Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS)	MCAS	Yes
Michigan	Michigan Student Test of Educational Progress (M-STEP), PSAT	PSAT, SAT, ACT WorkKeys	No	M-STEP includes Michigan-designed questions and the Smarter Balanced test.
Minnesota	Minnesota Comprehensive Assessments (MCA)	MCA	No
Mississippi	Mississippi Academic Assessment Program (MAAP)	MAAP, ACT	Yes	Students must pass MAAP end-of-course exams, or use other options, including achieving specified scores on the ACT or grades in dual-credit courses.
Missouri	Missouri Assessment Program (MAP)	MAP end-of-course tests	No
Montana	Smarter Balanced	ACT	No
Nebraska	Nebraska Student-Centered Assessment System (NSCAS)	ACT	No
Nevada	Smarter Balanced	ACT	No
New Hampshire	New Hampshire Statewide Assessment System (NHSAS), *Performance Assessment of Competency Education (PACE) (some districts)	SAT	No	*11 districts give NHSAS in grades 3-4 and 6-8, and use locally designed performance assessments (PACE) in other tested grades.
New Jersey	PARCC	PARCC	Yes	Students must pass PARCC or use other options, including achieving specified scores on the ACT or SAT.
New Mexico	PARCC	PARCC	Yes
New York	New York State Assessments	Regents Examinations	Yes
North Carolina	North Carolina End-of-Grade Tests	North Carolina End-of-Course Tests, ACT	No	WorkKeys required of students completing career-technical education courses of study.
North Dakota	North Dakota State Assessment (NDSA)	NDSA	No	Students must take ACT or WorkKeys. Districts may substitute ACT for state high school test.
Ohio	Ohio's State Tests	OST end-of-course exams, ACT or SAT	Yes	Students must pass end-of-course exams, or achieve specified scores on other tests, such as ACT or SAT.
Oklahoma	Oklahoma School Testing Program	ACT or SAT	No	Districts choose between ACT and SAT.
Oregon	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced	No
Pennsylvania	Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)	Keystone end-of-course tests	No
Rhode Island	Rhode Island Comprehensive Assessment System (RICAS)	PSAT, SAT	No
South Carolina	SCReady	end-of-course tests, Ready to Work	No
South Dakota	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced	No
Tennessee	TNReady	TNReady end-of-course tests, ACT or SAT	No	Districts choose between ACT or SAT.
Texas	State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR)	STAAR end-of-course tests	Yes
Utah	Readiness Improvement Success Empowerment (RISE)	Utah Aspire Plus, ACT	No	Utah Aspire Plus blends Utah-developed items and items from ACT Aspire.
Vermont	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced	No
Virginia	Standards of Learning (SOL)	SOL end-of-course exams	Yes	Students must pass SOL exams or achieve specified scores on other tests, including ACT, SAT, AP or IB.
Washington	Smarter Balanced	Smarter Balanced	Yes	Students must pass Smarter Balanced, or use other options, including achieving specified scores on ACT, SAT, AP or IB.
West Virginia	West Virginia General Summative Assessment	SAT	No
Wisconsin	Wisconsin Forward	ACT Aspire, ACT, ACT WorkKeys	No
Wyoming	Wyoming Test of Proficiency and Progress (WY-TOPP)	WY-TOPP, ACT	No

Design & Visualization: Stacey Decker & Vanessa Solis

Vol. 37, Issue 23, Page 8